Centrifugal apparatus



Feb. 19,1935. F, l, wlLLlAMs 1,991,874

CNTRIFUGAL APPARATUS Feb. 19, 1935. F. l. WILLIAMS CENTRIIFUCIAT..lAPPARATUS Filed Ag. 19, 195o a sheets-sheet 2 Feb. 19, 1935. k F. 1.WILLIAMS 1,991,874

CENTEEFUG'AL APPARATUS Filed'ug. 19, 1930 a sheets-sheet s Feb.l 19,1935. F. l. WILLIAMS 1,991,874

CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS Filed Aug. 19, 1930 8 Sheets-Sheet 4 Feb. 19,1935. 1 F, l, WILUAMS 1,991,874

CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 lFiled. Aug. 19, 1950 Feb. 19,1935. F. 1. WILLIAMS 1,991,874

cENTRFUGL APPARATUS 8 Sheets-Sheet 6 Fild Aug. 19, 1930 Feb. 19, 1 935.F. l. wlLLlAMs CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS Filed Aug. 19, 195o 8 sheets-sheet'I Feb.v 19, 1935. F. l. wlLLlA-Ms 1,991,874

' CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS 8 Sheets-Sheet 8 l Filed Aug. 19, 195o PatentedFel). 19, 1935 sin@ 1 PATENT orrrcl'z v 11,991,874 4 eENmRl-FUGALAPPARATUS? Frank Ii WilliaS, yd Park', Mass., Yassign'or to' erican'Poot 'and Machine Park, lvla'ssa,V a; corporation of Company, Hyde'Massachusetts Appucatibnnugustia.1930', serial'N'o. 476,283 Momma. (craraaf-neer 'llhisfinventionrelates to'ma'chines such' as ce'n-`trif'uga-l hydro'-eX'tractors-` and like: apparatus' hav'-,y ing a.closure memberv which must be kept? closed' while* the'mach'ine isfi'n"operation in' order toipre'ef or cover at' its topto aiiordr accessA tothe inner rotary container orzbasket; Interests of safety', economy,andi enoiency" of: operation are'. best ment of parts. In accordanceWitlir the paratus off this general present invention ape" character'may Be equipped:v with; someV releasa'ble retaining" rneans4 a cover iniclosed pot-:

such as4 a latch, rforliolding: sition, and connectionsmay vbeinterposed betweenl such releasable meansvandf a? controldeviceadapted-to be operatedg byY an element' whichparf takes of the' rotarymovement of' the basket.- While this control' device'- adaptedto bedriveny either' directly from or with the rotary member', and tobeeiective'- soi long asV the basket rotates, to prevent withdrawal oftheretaining member and therebyto assure that the door or cover will'notfberemoved whileitheg f Yinaligs'l 4, 5 and 6';1

is: preferred that this control' device remain nor-f mallyidle'and'thatmeajns-b'e provided `for setting' itin motion (if thebasket isrotating) Whenever' anf attempt is made' to1initiatewithdra-wal.v oil` the retaining-"membexz In thisn way, coveris: effectively preventedzwhile"thermachine i is in motion and yet thecontrol apparatusv` opthecover latchingv devices;

away', showing may assume different' forms; it preferablyI comprisesV a1rotatable'part substantially on the 'line`10-10 of Fig. 9';

removal off theerates only when an attempt is being made tol openl thecover.v trol mechanism f toprevent premature removal of the cover.-equipped with: a;` garit The invention is :adapted for use with machinesequipped withv an' individual" motor drive asv Well' Vasv'vith machines`which receive power from a'main' shaft and whichare controllediby`shifting a belt, meansV for controlling vthe ap-A to'machines o'f thelatter' type; Furthermore, theV features of'.4 the invention` may f bevembodied in a; machine during the manufacf ture.v thereof or apparatus-includin'gthesefeatures l may be: supplied asia separater'unit`adapted: to be applied to machinesnow inA service... 1

In the drawings: Fig'. 1l isfa side View,A partlyin sideelevation and:

partly in' section, of a centrifugal hydro-texiV tractor;`

Fig'. 1a *isV a:fragmentary detail` showng'vpart of `Fig-.- 2- is a top`plan View;` with partsbroken cover shown inFig. lJtand some of the partsas-v sociated therewith;

Fig. 6is a fragmentary top plan' View sho'wing someof the partsillustrated in Figs; 4 and 5f;

Fig'. 7 is al detailsection, to'larger scale, taken li'ne" 7-"7A of Fig.4;

Fig. V8 is a fragmentary side elevation illus-` trating` the operationofthe apparatus shown Figi; 9 vis atop plan'vie'w of'ione embodimentofmy'control device;V Y l Fit; ,10= isa sectionl taken substantiallyont-he Fig; 11 isav sectional elevation' of form: ofcontrol device; Y l

Fig. l2 is a section taken substantiallyY along the line12-12 of Fig.1li;

, Figs.V 13 and 1'4 are sidel a modified and 12;

Fig'.l 15: is a side elevationY showing a,-cii1e1ferit` rIlhisarrangement saves thecona` portion of the apparatus displanview' ofapparatus' similar elevationsV showing- Y ,portions of the apparatusshown in Figs. 11

embodiment of the invention as applied to a centrifugal machine equippedwith an overhead belt drive;

Fig. 16 is a fragmentary top plan view of the vcentrifugal machine andcover control apparatus shown in Fig. 15;

Fig. 17 is a fragmentary side apparatus as shown in Fig. 16;

Figs. 18 and 19 are views similar to Fig. 16 but showing the movableparts in different relative positions; v

Figs. 20 and 21 are diagrammatic fragmentary plan views illustratingsimple arrangements in which the machine brake is actuated by the samehandle which controls the carrier locking means; l'and v Fig. 21a is adetail view illustrating a brake actuating cam.

elevation of the The invention as illustrated in the drawings isembodied in a centrifugal hydro-extractor comprising the exteriorhousing or curb member 10 which is suspended by means of the pivotal/links 11 from the pedestals 12, the latterbeing mounted upon the bedplate 13. The housing encloses a rotary member or basket 16 which may ormay not have a perforated outer wall as desired, and a central, moreorless conical hub 14 which is fast on the vertically disposed shaft 17,the latter being rotatably supported in bearings 18, 19 carried by thecurb member. At its lower end the shaft 17 has flxed'thereto a pulley 2lwhich transmits power delivered by the driving belt 22 from the drivingmotor 23 to the shaft `17 kfor effecting vrotation of the basket.

The curb member 19 has an opening in its top wall for affording accessto the basket member 16, and this opening is closed by a removableclosure member, guard, or cover 24. A rod 26 extends transversely acrossthe cover at the under side of thelatter, and at one end is providedwith'V a conical end portion or locking pin 26e, which engages acomplementary recess or socket in a bracket 27 fixed to the curb member.A spring 2Gb tends to retract the pin`26L so as to avoid damage inclosing the cover, and the rod 26carries an operating handle 28 forengaging the locking pin 26a with the recess in the bracket 27, or forusein retracting the pin if the spring fails to act.`

The other end of the rod 26 is pivotally connected to an arm 29 (Fig. 2)which is fast on a shaft 3l. This shaft is rotatably mounted in bearings32 carried by the curb member and constitutes a hinge pin which isreceived in eyes 33 on the cover so as tion between the cover and thecurb member. The shaft 31 also carries at one end a lever 34. This leverhas an arm 34a constituting an abutment and provided with an undersurface which, when the cover is closed, is substantially horizontal,and overlies a pivotally mounted segmental latch or retaining member 36.So long as the latch underlies the arm 34a it is impossible to swing thelever 34 or to turn shaft 31, and thus thelatch pin 26e can not bereleased from'the socket in bracket 27. To open the` cover it isnecessary therefore to swing the from under the lever arm 34a so thatthe latter may be swung in a counterclockwise direction as lviewed inFig. 1. Y

To facilitate withdrawal of lthe latch 36, the latter is provided withan arm 37 pivotally connected to a link 38, the other end of which ispivotally connected to a crank arm 39 Y the vertically disposed shaft 41(Fig. 1,) supportto provide a hinged connecrjustable collar 67 (Figs. 13and 14).

latch 36 out upper abutment member 54a,

carried by ed in bearings 40 on the curb member. This shaft is providedat its upper end with an operatingV handle 42 and at its lower end witha. crank 43 (Fig. 1) which is pivotally connected to a link 44.

To prevent actuation of the handle 42 toretract the latch 36 while thebasket is rotating, the other end of the link 44 is connected to acontroldevice, indicated generally at 4.5.

As shown in Figs. 9 and 10, this control device is mounted upon amovable frame or supporting arm 46 which is mounted to pivot on a. stud47 l (Fig. 1) depending from the lower side of the curb member. Avertically disposed shaft 48 (Fig. 10) is fixedly connected to thesupport'- prising the loose pulley 49 preferably provided with afriction band on its rim. This pulley is disposed in substantially thesame horizontal plane as the basket driving pulley 21 and is normallyspaced therefrom; by swingingv the arm 46 the pulley 49 maybe caused toengage the belt which drives pulley 21 and is thereby caused to rotateat high speed. The pulley 49 carriesY a plurality of bell crank levers51 (three being shown) which are pivotally mounted to swing outwardlyunder the action of centrifugal'force. The lower ends of these levershave inwardly di rected toes 51a which engage a slidable collar 52 whichis mounted upon the rotatable' part 49. Just above the slidable collar52, the non-rotatable shaft 48 is enlarged and has an axially slidableabutment member 53 keyed thereon. The uppermost portion of the shaft issomewhat smaller than the intermediate enlarged portion and carriesanother abutment member 54 which y is free to rotate on the shaft` 48and is provided with a radial arm 61. Another radial arm 56 is fixed onthe shaft 48 by'means of a set screw 57.

The juxtaposed abutment members 53 and 54 carry .opposed interengageableprojections or teeth 58 and 59 respectively. .The arm 61 (Figj 9) ispreferably Yintegral with the abutment member 54, `and the linkv 44y isconnected to the outer end of thisarm. A spring 62 connects the arms 56and 61 and tends to keep them vin theU relative position shown in Fig.9.

The modified form of control device shown in. Figs. 11 and 12 is'similar in many respects tothe one just described, mounted to turnfreely on a they arm 46. The pulley 49a carries a friction plate 64 onits upper surface. The 4shaft 48 is provided, near its upper end with afixed but ad- Ar coil spring 68 embraces the shaft 48a between thecollar 67 and the friction plate 64. The collar 67 is fixed in positionon the shaft 48a by meantv of a set screw 70. This collar carriesdepending pivotally mounted lifting dogs 69 which have depending varms71 normally.` disposed between spaced lugs 72 on the upper surface ofthe friction plate 64. Each dog 69 has spaced upwardly extending earsdisposed at opposite sides of its pivot, both ears normally surface ofan abutment member 53a which is slidably mounted on the shaft 48il andkept from turning by means of key 74. Whenever one of the dogs 69 istilted in either direction, it will lift the abutment member 53a, orprojections into engagement shaft 48l fixed t0 with those of the membersbeing similar tothe members 53 and 54 ofFig.9.- Y

carrying its teeth ing arm 46 and carries a rotatable part comcomprisingav pulley 49'A Y engaging the underV vthese' abutment which the leverarm 34a 1,991,894; dogs: 69 are disposed approxi, apart andmidway/between theseV `A modied form of cover locking'apparatusis shownin Figs..4 to 8, the cover 81 (Fig. 7.) in

this instance being provided with-a fixedllatch endwhich is` received.in`

pin 82 having a conical the complementary socket formedinf thevjuxt'a.-posed bracket are provided with aligned elongate slots 86 (Fig-8). isvrotatably mounted in these slots and in bearings 88 carried by the curbmember.` An opere ating lever 89 is fixedly mounted upon the outer endof the rotatable shaft 87, said lever having an arm 8921V (Fig.5)'adapted to over-lie a segmenthrough the arm 37- and the-,link- 38 tothe operating `shaft 4,1.` Between `each pair of webs 84, an arm 92-(Fig. 6) is flxedly mounted on the shaft 87. The end of this arm isslotted,` as indicated at 93I (Fig. 8) slidably to receive a pin 94 bywhich the arm Webs 84. v

Referring to the construction showin in Figs.-

1,' 2, 3, 94 andl 1'0, it is necessary, in order to re-l' move thecover, to turn the operating handle 42 in a c'ounterclockwisedirection,y as viewedin Fig. 2. Such motion of the handle," ifpermitted, will withdraw the segmental latch 36 from the path opening oftheV cover.Y However, counterolock- Wise movement of the mitted throughthe link'4'4 Vto the arm 61v (Fig. 9) and thus to the rotatable abutmentmember 54 (Figs.`9 and 10). Since the contractile spring 62 resistsseparation of the arms 61" and 56, the first effect of' swinging the arm61 is to swing the entire control device 45 on its pivotal support 47 soas to bring the pulley 49 into engagementwith the driving belt 22,thereby effecting rapid rotation of the rotatable 'part 49. The partsare so arranged that the rotatable part 49Y is brought into engagementwith the driving belt before the latch member 36 can be removedfromengagement with the lever arm 34a. As soon as the pulley 49 isset inrotation, vcentrifugal force is effective tot their longer armsoutwardly and thereby to cause their toes 51a to raisethe collar 52 andto eiiectengagement between'the interengageable abutments 58 andi 59carried by the opposed abutment members 53 and 54 respectively. As themember 53 is held from rotation on the nonrotatable shaft 48 by the keythat rotation of the upper abutment member 54 will be prevented wheneverthe interiitting abutments 58 and 59 are engaged abutment 54 isconnected through the arm 61 to the link 44, it follows that furthermovementof the operatinghandle 42 will be effectively prevented, andconsequently .the latch 36 cani not be removed from beneath the lever34e.

On the other hand, when the basket, andthe parts associated therewith,is not in` motion, it

will be seen that engagement of the pulley 49 22 will. not disturb thebell withv the driving` belt cranks 51 andconsequentlythe abutmentmembers.` 53.1 and 54 .will remain. in spaced relation, as

83 carried by the cu'rbmember.4

A- hinge pini 87l is connected to 'the adjacent must take to permithandlea42 is also trans? cause the bell cranks 51v to Vswing 50, it willbe seen and as the upperV permitV removal of the latch the lever 34a.This having been accomplished, the armi 34' may be swung baclrwardlyV`to with*- draw theplunger 26 and thereby to permit openingof the' cover24.

The apparatusshown in ates in the. same general manner as that justdescribed except that friction clutch there' is a corresponding tendencyfor the friction` plate' to rotate and to carry the lugs 72 (Fig. 14)'against the depending arms 71` of the dogs 69, and thereby to swing thedogs about their pivots, this motion being effective, as shown inV Fig.14,. to raise the abutment member 53a into engagement with the abutment54a. 'Ihe cover operating apparatus shown in Figs. 4to: 6 may beassociated with eitherv of the control devices previouslyfdescribedl Toremovethe cover 81, as shown in these latter figures, it is necessary toturn the operating handle189in a counter-clockwise direction, as viewedin Fig. 8, and this can be effected only after the latch 91 has vbeenmoved out of lthe path of movement of this lever. When this has beenaccomplished,l Ymovement of this lever backwardly is effective (throughthe rotatable shaft 87 and the fixed arms 92 carried thereby) to movethe pins 94 carried by the spaced websV 84 backwardly. This movementresults in arranging this mechanism in theposition shown in the dottedlines in Fig. 8 from which it will be seen that the rotary hinge pinisdisposed inthe forward end of the slots 86. As this hinge pin isVcarried by fixed bearings 88, it will` bey evident that the movementjust Ydescribed results in displacing the cover'81 sufficiently'to theleft, as viewed in Fig. 4, to remove the latch'pin S2 from the socket inthe abutment 83 (Fig. 7)' so that the cover may be swung vabout thehingepin4 87Y to its open position.y

In theinstallation shown in Figs. l5 to 19 the inventionis illustratedas applied to a centrifugal machine having an overhead, `belt drive. Themachine illustrated comprises a curbv member'lOl provided withY anumber. of pads or feet 102 by means of which it is supported upon theoperating fioor 103. The curb member 101 encloses a rotary basket.(notshown) which ismounted upon' a vertically disposed shaftV 104, thelatter extending downwardly through a suitable opening 106 in thefioorand carryinga fixed pulley 107 disposed above' the' lower shaft bearing.Power for opera- Figs. 1`1 and 12A operting the machine is .transmittedto the fixed pulley through the belt 108 which'is trained over the fastVpulley1`09 on' the counter shaft 110 and' passes through a` suitableopening 111v in the floor and around! a pair of guide pulleys 112, onlyone of the latter pulleys being shown in Fig. 15. These guide pulleys112 are mounted in a suitable bracket.1`13'which rests on afoundationstructure 114. The counter shaft is equipped with a fixed pulley 116andialoose pulley 117. Power' is trans- V to which a link 124ispivotally connected. The'V other end of this link is pivotally connectedto 'an arm 126 which is slidable longitudinally in aligned recesses inthe ends of a U-shaped bracket member 127, which embraces a vertical'rotary rock-shaft 128. rIhis U-shaped bracket is adapted to be 128 bymeans of a set screw 129, and it will also be seen that adjustment locksthe arm 126 in adjusted position against the shaft 128. This rock-shaft128, which may conveniently be a length of pipe, is journaled at itsupper and lower ends in suitable bearings 131 and 132.

The curb member is provided with a cover 133 which is mounted on thecurb by means of the hinges 134. In order to control the opening of thiscover, an elongate finger or bar 136 is arranged to extend transverselyacross the upper side of the cover in a pos'tion to prevent opening ofthe latter when the parts are arranged as shown in Figs. 15, 16 and 17.At its outer end the ringer 136 carries a depending arm 137 which isadjustably held in xed position with respect to a movable block 138 bymeans of a pin and slot connection 139 (Fig. 17) uniting the arm 137 andan upwardly projecting arm 141 carried by the block 138. An elongatesubstantially hori-V zontal bar 142 is fixedly connected to the block:

138 by a bolt 143. This bar has an offset 144 intermediate its endsproviding the elongate abutment portion 142a to cooperate with a cam146.

A bracket 147 is mounted upon any iixed support as upon the curb member101 and has parallel upper and lower openings therein forming bearingsfor a pair of sliding rods 148 which pass through similar alignedopenings in and slidably support the movable block member 13S. Thebracket 147 extends outwardly beyond the bar 142 and provides a bearingfor the upper part of the vertically disposed operating shaft' 149 whichcarries the cam 146. A handle 151 is xedly mounted on the upper end ofthe shaft 149 and this shaft also carries another cam 152 which isdisposed above the cam 146.so as to be out of the path of movement ofthe abutment 142a of the bar 142.

A bracket having a handle 153 unites the rods 148 at their left-handends as viewed in Fig. 17 and at their other ends these rods are iixedlyconnected to a bracket 154 which is pivotally connected to an arm 156.(Fig. 16). This arm is adjustably secured to the vertically disposedrock shaft 128 by means of a U-shaped bracket 157 and a set screw 158 inthe same manner that the arm 126 is mounted upon the upper portion ofthe same shaft. rlhe handle 153 also carries a xed abutment 159 whichhas a flat side adapted to fit squarely against the body of the bracket147 and an arcuate side arranged to permit the cam 152 to move behindthis abutment when the latter is positioned against the bracket 147.

The lower end of the operating shaft 149 is supported in bearingscarried by fixed arms 161, 162 (Figs. 16 18) mounted upon the foundationstructure. At this lower end the shaft 149 also carries a xed arm 163(Fig. 16) which is pivotally connected to alink 164. This link visconnected at its other end to the arm 61 of the control device 45previously described, the control device being movably mounted upon afixed shaft 166 carried by any stationary portion of the apparatus,preferably by the curb member. The operation of this rotary controldeviceis preheld in fixed position on the shaft.

of the set screw alsoA and the arm 156 to Ciseiy the same in this'relationship Yas npreviously described`V mbodiments-of the invention,

the rotatable member r49being adapted to engage the belt 108 as thehandle' 151 is moved to release the ycam 146 from the oifset144. A

Referring to the apparatus shown in Figs. to 19 and assuming that theparts are arranged as shown in Figs. 15, 16 and 17 and that the belt 118is on the fast pulley 116, power is transmitted through the countershaft 110, the pulley 109, belt 108, to the pulley 107,011 the shaft 104which operates the basket within the curb member 101.

While .power is thus being transmitted to loperate the machine, thelocking finger 136 is disposed across the top of struct' openingmovement of the latter. The retaining nger 136, due to its connectionwith the bar 142, is held in this position by engagement of the cam 146,carried by the shaft 149 with the oifset 144 ofthe bar 1,42. Due to theconnection oi the rotary controldevice 45 with the operating shaft 149,it will be seen that before the necessary movement of the handle 151 canbe made to remove thecam 146 from the path of the oiset 144, thecontroldevice 45 will be actuated by engagement with the driving belt 108 tolock the operating shaft 149, thereby locking the cam 146 in the path ofmovement of the offset 144; To remove theretaining finger 136 from itsposition above the cover it is necessary therefore first to move thehandle 153 to the right as shown in the drawings unt" the` abutmentmember 159 reaches the bracket 147. This movement of the handle 15,3 vistransmitted'through the rods 148 the rock shaft 128 and effects suchrotation of the latter shaft as is Iequired to operate the belt shifter119 to shift the belt from the fast pulley 116 to the loose pulley 117.

The parts are shown in this position in Fig. 18,. At this time therotary control device still functions to lock the cam 146 in the set 144as long' as the driven pulley 107 is in motion and therefore locks theretaining fingerA in positionrto obstruct opening movement of thev coveras shown in Fig. 18 until such time as the machine has practically cometo rest. When the the cover 13S-in position to ob#v path of theoffbasket no longer has any appreciable motion, the

operating handle 151 may be turned in a counterclockwise direction fromthe position shown in Fig. 18,to the position shown in Fig. 19. Thismovement of the operating handle removes the cam 146 from the path ofthe offset 144 so that the retaining finger 136 may be moved vto theright to a position such as that shown in Fig. 19 where this finger noof the cover. Moreover, movement of the handle tothe position shown inFig. 19 brings the cam 152 behind the abutment 159 in a position to lockthe latter against'the bracket 147. The 'portion 142a of the bars thestraight side of the cam 146 so as to lock this cam and the operatinghandle 151 and the cam 152 in the position shown in Fig. 19.9.5 long asthe retaining yfinger is in a positionshown'in this iigure. It will beseen therefore that the belt 118 can not be shifted from the loosepulley, due to the fact that the belt shifter 119 is locked by cam 152.,

Before operation of the machine can be resumed, it is necessary first toclose the cover and to move the retaining finger 136 to the extremeleft, as shown in Figs. 15 and 16. This permits the cam 146 to move inbehind the offset 144 and at the same time the cam 152 moves out of the142 at this time engages Y longer obstructs opening y Vleft to the.position shown in Figs. aand `16 the Abelt may be shifted tothe fast4pulley and .thus the machine may be set in motion.

. Under certain circumstances it'may be -pre Aferredjto keep the rotaryelement "49 (or '49%) of the control-deviceconstantlyinoperativeengagement with the driving element, `this :beingper- -mlssiblesince the'device is yieldably mounted and thus -notinjurediby the passageofbelt lacings-or Ythe-like, butasthe constant-drive Vof these controller parts at high speed requiresfgreatfcareinabove described and illustrated.

In the arrangement illustrated in Figs. land 21, I ,provide for theactuation of the machine brakeby the same handle whichcontrols the coverlocking means,-thus reducing the number of;parts :to-,avminimum Since itis often desirable, for example, ,to facilitate loading or unloading thebasket to have the basket freeto turn after the machine has stopped,Ipreferably employ brake actuating means which causes the brake toactonly long enough :to-stop the -basket,'whereupon the brake is `released,and'when such anarrangement is :em-

played, :the icover locking'means is so combined withthe Vbrakeoperating device that the cover can not be opened until the baske'tisdefinitely .stopped -and the ybrake released.

4In Fig. :l la :brake actuating handle .165 .isin- `dicated vin ,dottedAlines in :addition to the cover latch releasing :shaft 41, fbut `inFigs. 20 and 21 a v:single shaft 166, provided with a handle 167, is:employed for'actuating `the fbrake shoe zorzband as wellzas the coverreleasingconnections v.The drive .pulley 21 is.provided'witha brakedrum`168 (Figs. 1 `and 20) embraced vby abrake band ,.169 (Fig. '20)which may fbe'supported, :and conned if desired, in any suitable way,forexample 4as disclosed in my copending yapplication -Serial No.449,466, filed May 8, 1930, such supportingmeans vseries of `holes forthe vreception ofbolts permitting the angular adjustment of the flange.'

An anchor rod 171iis attachedat one end to Vthe .brake 'band and .passes`throughna xed apertured abutment 172 depending lfrom the 'flange 1,70;`This rod is vprovided witha 4stop 173 to prevent excess movementvof'thebrake rod relative to vthe lug 172, `and `a' coiled .spring172aencirc1es the rod, lbearing at one endagainst the abutment 172 andat its other end against .an adjustable nut 174 on theend of the rod.

The opposite end ofthe brake band is secured lto an actuating rod 175normally disposed substantially at right-angles to the rod 171 andconnected (preferably adjustably) at `its end to a lever 176 Vadapted tovswing on axed pin 177. A spring 178 anchored to a convenient iixed'part.normally tendsfto swing the lever 176 so as `to release the brake.

`'Ihelever 176 is provided with an offset arm 179 at its free end, saidVarm carrying an adjustable cam follower shoe 180 adapted to engage a`cam 181 on the verticalshaft 166. 'This cam, as more clearly shown inFig. 21a,.comprises a concentric .or dwell portion 182, -active yor.inclined -187 corresponding fore, -concornitantly .arrow A, causingthe-cam portions 183 and 184 respectively, Aand a .fsecond concentricdwell or idle portion :181a of greater iradius than the `part "182. I.Theshaft 16S also carriesa xed arm 18-5 .corresponding to the arm 43 ofFig. 2 anda third arm :lcorresponding tothe arm 39 of Fig. 1. A link -tothe :link 44- or" Fig. l2 iconnects the arm 185 'to the controllerdevice, 45

while aflink 183 correspondingto link 33 of. Fig.

2 connects the arm 186 to the 'latch operating arm-37. A

"In -the .normal position of the parts,r `with the .machine rinoperation, Lthe'handle 167 isdisposed substantially asshown invFig. 20,the cam follower 180 resting upon `the/dwell portionl-182 of the .cam181 and .the 4rotating yelementfli) of the conspaced from thedrivebelt-When the machine is Ito beY stopped, -the ,power is cutoff in anydesired-manner, either be- With, v.or after actuation of the brakeapplying handle. Tc'apply the brake, the handle 167 is swung in-theldirection ofthe `follower 18.0 to ride .up theactiveicamsurface18S-:onto thedwellportion -181a where yit .islleldwithfthe brakein oper- -ative position.V .g

During this movement vthe arms 185 and 186 move in .a lcounterclockwisedirection, asv viewed in Fig. `20, .causing'thelinks l87and 188.to.sw.ing, but without substantialoperative effect upon thecontrol-devicef45-or onthelatchfB. I Y 'If `novvit-be attempted, `with`the brake, set to move the handle 167 furthery while the basket isrotating, `:the vlink `187 vwillbe `moved beforethe camafollower .180,leaves the dwell 18.13 so as to bringithecontrol ldevice45intoloperation. If the basket is still turning,

.the control .limits .further 1 movement of the handle 167 and thusvprevents withdrawal of 4the .latcl-1.36, but when the basket hasstopped, ythe handle .16.7 .may be rmoved fur- `'ther .to `a point `such.asv-to :withdraw .the `latch .36

.andpermit the.co.ve`r tobeiopened. Y Substantial- A1y vat .the ysametime the ,cam rfollower 180,rides .down `thecam rincline A184. `onto thed-well 182, `re `leasing `the -brake andi-permitting the basket .to beturned ffreely by hand, which facilitates loading -and unloading. Y

InFig. 21 the parts correspond to thoseof Fig. 20 Vexceptthat .in placeof abrake band 169, -a brakeshoe .190 .is employed, said -shoe beingcon- .nected-directly-to a lever 1.76a .corresponding to the flever.1.76 of Fig. 20.

. As shown in Figs. `20 and.2.1, thecontroldevice is moved into.operation by Aa thrust of Vthe `link 187:instead of byalpull .on :thelink, .as in the .ar-rangement. of Fig. 42, .for example, .but ,thesedifferent arrangements are regarded asiull equivalents of one another.

I claim:

. .1; A centrifugal apparatuscomprising .a curb .having .an open top,

a rotary basket within the curb, a cover for the top opening of thecurb, means comprising a latch for locking the cover in Vclosed positionw 'le the basket is rotating, alhandle forreleasing the latch, a latch'controller having a normally stationary but rotatable member and partswhich become effective upon rotationof said member to. preventcompletion of the latch releasing movement of said handle, a drivenelement rotatable with said basket, said element being engageable withsaid rotatable V`member but normally held disengaged therefrom, andmeans actuable upon attempted latch releas- 'ing movement-of the handle-to'bring the rotatable member of the latch controller into engagementYfor locking the releasable with said driven element thereby to initiateroa rotary member, a

Yconnection between the rotary member and the rotatable part, releasablemeans for holding the closure over the opening, means effective onmovement of the releasable means for effecting said driving connection,opposed members having interengageable abutments, means for'supportingthe opposed members for relative movement toward and from each other toeffect engagement 'and disengagement -of the interengageable abut--ments, connections for movingl one of the opposed members with thereleasable means, and means eifective on rotation of the rotatable partfor producing relative motion of the opposed members to cause engagementof the abutments means.

3. The combination with a rotary member, a housing for the rotarymember, the housing having an opening for affording access to the rotarymember, and a removable closure for the opening, of a rotatable part,means providing a driving connection between the rotary member and therotatable part for driving the latter, opposed interengageable abutmentmembers, means for holding one of the abutment members from rotation,means responsive to rotation of the rotatable part for effectingengagement of the abutment members, releasable means for holding theclosure over the opening, and means responsive to attempted release ofthe releasable means for effecting rotary movement of the other of theabutment members. Y

4. The combination with a rotary member, a housing for the rotarymember, the housing having an opening for affording access to the rotarymember, and a removable closure for the opening, of a non-rotatableshaft, a rotatable part on the shaft, means providing a drivingconnection between the rotary member and the rotatable part for drivingthe latter, opposed relatively movable abutment members mounted on theshaft, means effective on rotation of the rotatable part for effectingrelative movement of the abutment members axially of the Vshaft* foreffecting engagement of the abutment members, means for holding one ofthe abutment members from rotary movement relative tothe shaft.releasable means for holding the closure over the opening in thehousing, and means responsive to attempted release of the releasablelmeans for effecting rotary movement of the other of the abutmentmembers relative to the shaft. ,A

5. The combination withV a rotary member, a housing forthe rotarymember, the housing having an opening for affording access'to' therotary member, and a closure for the opening, of releasable means forrholding the closure in closed position, a non-rotatable shaft, arotatable part on the shaft, means for supporting the shaft formovement'to a position for driving the rotatable part with the rotarymember, relatively fixed and rotatable arms on the shaft, an eXtensibleand `contractible connection between the arms, means effective onmovement of the releasable means for moving the relatively rotatable armabout the shaft, and means eifective onrotation of the rotatable partforlocking the'relatively rotatable arm to the shaft.

6. The combination with a rotary member, a

housing `for the rotary member, the housing havy ing an opening foraffording access to the rotary member, and a closure for the opening, ofreleasable means for holding sition, a non-rotatable shaft, a rotatablepart on the shaft, an arm for supporting the shaft, a pivotal support onthe housing for the arm, the arm being movable on this pivotal supportto a position where the rotatable part may be driven with the rotarymember, relatively fixed and rotatable arms on the shaft, an extensibleand contractible spring connecting these arms, means effective onmovement of the releasable means for moving the relatively rotatable armabout the shaft, and means effective on rotation of the rotatable partfor locking the relatively rotatable arm to the shaft.

7. Control apparatus for locking cover retaining means ofenclosed rotarymachines while such machines are in motion, said apparatus comprising arotatable part adapted to be driven by engagement with a driving member,a movable support for the rotatable part, a connection comprising aspring and a rigid member for transmitting initial releasing movement ofthe cover retaining means to the movable support for moving the latterto effect driving engagement between the rotatable part and a memberdriven with the machine, the spring beingrextensible to provide forrelease of the cover retaining means when the machine is not in motion,means for locking the rigid member of said connection, and meanseffective on rotation of the rotatable part for rendering the lockingmeans effective.

8. Control apparatus for locking cover retaining means of enclosedrotary machines while such machines are in motion, said apparatuscomprising releasable retaining means for holding the cover in closedposition, means for locking the releasable retaining means,centrifugally acting means for rendering the locking means effective,and means operable while the machine is in motion and effective onattempted movement of the releasable means for actuating thecentrifugallv acting means.

9. In an apparatus for controllingr opening of a cover for an enclosedpower-driven rotary machine, the combination of a movable member forholding the cover in closed position, means for controllingtheapplication of power to the machine, movable abutment means effectivein one position to lock the power controlling means and in anotherposition to lock the movable member,

pivotally mounted rotatable means constructed and arranged to be swung`into engagement with a rotary member driven with the machine, saidmeans being effective while rotating to arrest movement of the abutmentmeans, and means effective upon attempted movement of the latter meansWhile the machine is running for swinging said rotatable means intoengagement with said rotary member, thereby to arrest further .movementof said abutment means.

10. In an apparatus for controlling opening of the cover of enclosedrotary machine, the combination of a movable member for holding thecover in closed position, movable abutment means the closure in closedpoi for locking the movable member in position to obstruct openingmovement of the cover, pivotally mounted rotatable means constructed andarranged to be swung into engagement with a movlng part of said machine,said means being effective while rotating for interrupting movement ofthe abutment means, and means effective upon attempted movement of thelatter means while the machine is running for swinging said rotatablemeans into engagement with said moving part, thereby to arrest furthermovement of said latter means. Y

11. In an apparatus Jtor controlling opening of a cover for an enclosedpower-driven' rotary machine, Vthe combination of a movable member forholding the cover closed, means for controllingv the application ofApower to the machine, rotary locking means constructed and arranged tocontrol the operation of said `movable member vand power controllingmeans, said locking `means comprising relatively fixed yabutments, oneof the abutments being effective in one position to lock the powercontrolling means, the other abutment being effective in anotherposition to lock the movable member,V and means for' holding theabutment means in one or these positions.

12. In an apparatus for controlling opening or a cover for enclosedpower-driven rotary machina-the combination otra movable; member forholding the cover closed, means for controlling the application of powerto the machines,

1 movable locking means constructed and arrange to control the operationof said movablemember and power controlling means, said locking meanscomprising relatively xed abutments, one of the abutments beingeffective in one position to look the power controlling means, the otherabut- Vment being effective in another positionV to lock thev movablemember, rotary engageable with a member driven with the machine andelicotive while in motion to hold said locking means in position to lockthe power-controlling means, and

meanseiective upon-movement of said locking means for effecting drivingengagement between said driven member and the rotary means.

13. In an apparatus for controlling opening of the cover of enclosedrotary machines, the combination of separately movable cover retainingand power control members, means for locking the cover retaining memberin position to ob-v struct opening of the cover, means for concomitantlylocking the power control member in position to shut off the power andfor unlocking the cover retaining member, pivotally mounted rotatablemeans effective while rotating for holding the locking means fixed whilethis machine is in motion, and means operable in response to initialrelease movement of said locking means for swinging said rotatable meansinto engagement with a moving part of the machine, whereby to eiiectrotation of said means and arrest further release movement of saidlocking means.

14. In an apparatus for controlling opening of the cover of enclosedrotary machines, the combination of relatively movable cover retainingand power control members, a fixed support for these members, an offsetbar carried by one of said members and disposed substantially parallelto the other of said members, movable abutment means on the fixedsupport, the abutment means being constructed and arranged to cooperatewhen in one position with the offset portion of the bar to lock said oneof the membersand when in another position to cooperate with anotherportion of the bar to lock the other of members against the fixedsupport.

l5. In an apparatus for controlling openingof the cover of enclosedrotary machines, the combination of relatively movable cover retainingand power control members, an offset bar carried by one of said membersand disposed substantially parallel to the other of said members, and

latter, said movable means cooperating with the offset portion of thebar whenin one position to lock said one of said members and when inanother position cooperating with another portion of the bar to lockthe-other of said members.

16. A centrifugal machine having a driven shaft-.carrying a basket, acurb Vfor housing the a cover for the curb, means including a latch'forholding the cover in closed position, a brake for stopping the basketshaft, means including acam for applying the brake, a handle for movinghe cam, the cam being so shaped that a given movement of the handle inone direction sets the brake, while furthe' movement of the handle inthe same direction releases the brake, and means operable by the handleduring such furtherbrake releasing movement for releasing the latch. i

17. A centrifugal machine having a driven shaft carrying a basket, abrake for stopping the shaft,

handle for moving the cam, shaped that a. given movement' of `thevhandle in one direction sets the brake, while further movement 'of thehandle in the same direction releases the brake, 'and means to preventsuch further brake releasing movement oi' the" handle so long as thebasket is turning. l

18,-The combination with a rotary member, a housing for the member, thehousing having an opening to provide access to the rotary member, amovable closure for 'the opening, means includ'- ing a latch for holdingthe closure in closed position, a brake for stopping the rotary member,a handle for applyingtherbrake, connections between said handlefand thelatch for releasing the connections being such as to become effective torelease the latch only on further movement of the handle in excess tothat necessary to apply the brake, and means operative to prevent suchfurther movement of the handle so long as the rotary member isturning.19. A centrifugal machine having a driving shaft carrying a basket, acurb for housing the basket, a cover for the curb, means including alatch for holding the cover in closed position, a brake for stopping thebasket shaft, a handle and means operated thereby for applying thebrake, connections between the handle and the latch, said connectionsbeing such as to become eiective to release the latch handle on furthermovement of the handle in excessof that neces- ,sary to apply the brake,and means to prevent ating means becoming eifective to release the`brake upon such further movement of the handle.

20. The combination with a rotary member, a housing for the member, thehousing having an opening to provide access to the rotary member, amovable closure for the opening, means including a latch for holding theclosure in closed position, a brake for stopping the rotary member, ahandle for applying the brake, connections between said handle and thelatch for releasing the latter, said connections being such as to becomeeffective to release the latch only on further movement of the handle inexcess to that necessary to apply the brake and controller mechanism,comprising an element turning with said rotary member, operative toprevent such further movement of the handle so long as the rotary memberis turning. Y

21. A centrifugal machine having a driving shaftV carrying a basket, acurb for housing the basket, a cover'or the curb, means including alatch for holding the cover in closed position, a brake for stopping thebasket shaft, a handle, and means operated thereby for applying thebrake, connections between the handle and the latch, said connectionsbeing such as to become effective to release the latch handle on Yurther movement of the handle in excessief that necessary to apply thebrake, and controller` mechanism comprising a rotary element driven inconsonance with the basket shaft, operative to prevent such furthermovement of the handle so long as the drive shaft is turning.

2,2. A centrifugal machine having a driving shaft carrying a basket, acurb for housing the basket, a cover for the curb, means including alatch for holding the cover in closed position, a brake for stopping thebasket shaft, a handle and means operated thereby for applying thebrake, connections between the handle and the latch, said connectionsbeing such as to become effective `to release the latch handle onfurther movement of the handle in excess of that necessary to apply thebrake, and a controller for the latch actuating connections comprising anormally stationary but rotatable element, and parts which are eiectivewhen said element is rotating to prevent latch releasing movement ofsaid connections, and means actuable by said handle, substantially atthe completion of the brake settling movement of the latter for causingsaid rotatable element to rotate until the basket shaft stops.

23. A centrifugal machinehaving a driven shaft carrying a basket, a curbfor housing the basket, a cover for the curb, means including a latchfor holding the cover in closed position, a brake for stopping thebasket shaft, means including a cam for applying the brake, a handle formoving the cam, the cam being so shaped that a given movement of thehandle in one direction sets the brake, while further movement of thehandle in the same direction releases the brake, connections between thehandle and latch, the connections being such as to become effective torelease` the latch only during such further brake release movement ofthe handle, and means operative to preventrsuch further brake releasemovement of the handle so long turning. l Y

24. Centrifugal apparatus comprising a curb having an open top, a rotarybasket within the as the basket is curb, a cover for the top opening ofthe curb;l

locking .means Vfor holding the cover in closed position while thebasket is rotating, a lever `for releasing said locking means, andcontrol mechanism for said locking means, said mechanism comprising anormally stationary but rotatable member, means associated with saidmember and constructed and arranged to become effective upon rotation ofsaid member to prevent completion of the lock-releasing movement of saidlever, a driven element rotatable with said basket and engageable withsaid member Vbut normally held disengaged therefrom, and means operativeupon attempted lock-releasing movement of said said rotatable member andsaid driven element, thereby to initiate rotation of said rotatablemember by said driven element.

FRANK I. WILLIAMS.' y

lever to effectl engagement between

